Search strategies
From SLNSW
Determine the need and then devise an effective strategy to locate the information.
Search strategies overview
The key to successful searching is getting the correct question in the first place (see module 2). Once you know what the client actually needs you can start the search.
How you think about getting the answer (your search strategy) directs the methods and actual resources you will use (see module 5). For remote reference the same standards are expected to be met.
Start broadly, break into parts, then narrow search.
Think broadly about what resources might satisfy your client's information need then break down complex questions into manageable parts. See if the question can be restated or organized differently to help find the answer.
Consider the most appropriate types of resources to consult.
Mentally and physically review tools you have on hand. Don't stop with books, magazines or what is on the shelf. Remember local studies information, government agencies, universities, online databases (including community information) or experts. Know the recommended web sources in your library, how they are organized and how they relate to the library's in-house collection
Use the right keywords and subject headings for the resources you choose.
Consider all possible search terms or keywords for your search of the catalogue, in a reference book, in a database or of a search engine. Use broader terms and synonyms to open more areas of possible information and narrower terms for precision searching.
Don't forget to use specialised search techniques such as authority searches within your catalogue.
Know how to use the reference resources.
When consulting web search engines choose carefully. Don't rely on one search engine. Be familiar with standard reference source access points such as a table of contents index or user guide. Know how search engines work how to narrow or broaden searches and how to use a search engine engine's advanced searching techniques. For more precise searching see look it up.
Get the information in the best format.
Consider what format or media is needed by the client. Your library has access to many different kinds of resources. Search by format in the library catalogue or search for different types of media in appropriate databases or search engines. See look it up.
If necessary refer to an expert on the subject.
Consider who might know something about this subject. Search for experts in the field or the client might have more information. Going to another staff member, making phone calls to potential experts or sources of information, networking or asking others are all good ideas.
Did you understand the question?
Never hesitate to admit to the client that you don't understand the question. They will generally be glad to explain and will appreciate your interest in the subject. You can start with a dictionary or encyclopaedia (print or web versions including Wikipedia) to provide some background if needed. Being flexible while searching will give the best results.
Major point: Get the client's 'real question' first, then use a search strategy that will get you to the most appropriate resources.
Exercise
Try one search term in a range of tools, and see what your results look like.
